382 patients were taken as a sample with WHO-defined pre-PMF followed for a median of 6.9 years, fibrotic or leukemic transformation or death accounts for 15, 7, and 27% of cases, respectively. A multistate model was applied to analyze survival data taking into account intermediate states that are part of the clinical course of pre-PMF, including overt PMF and AML.

Within this multistate framework, multivariable models disclosed older age and leukocytosis as predictors of death and leukemic transformation. The risk factors for fibrotic progression included anemia and grade 1 bone marrow fibrosis. The outcome was further affected by HMR but not driver mutations. The risk of AML was the highest in the first 5 years but leveled off thereafter. Conversely, the probability of death from overt PMF or AML increased more rapidly over time, especially when compared to death in the pre-PMF state without disease progression.

The study concluded that the probability of being alive with pre-PMF status decreased to 70 and 30% at 10 and 20 years, respectively. This study highlights the aspects of the clinical course and estimates of disease progression in pre-PMF.

Reference: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41408-020-00368-1

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