Respiratory infections and childhood wheeze are inversely related to 25(OH) vitamin D levels. This study compared serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels in babies and toddlers with acute bronchiolitis to non-respiratory febrile illness. A prospective cross-sectional case-control research reached serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels in babies and toddlers with acute bronchiolitis to non-respiratory hot illness participants. The researchers used multivariable logistic regression to control age, gender, ethnicity, and diet. They used Modified Tal Score and length of hospital stay to analyze the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and bronchiolitis (LOS) severity. 

A total of 127 patients aged more than 24 months were enlisted, 80 of whom had acute bronchiolitis, and 47 of whom had non-respiratory febrile diseases. Apart from age (median [IQR] 5 [3–9] vs. 9 [5–16] months in the bronchiolitis group vs. control group (p=0.002), both groups had similar demographics. The bronchiolitis group had significantly lower serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels, with median [IQR] 28[18–52] vs. 50[25–79] nmol/L, respectively (p=0.005). Vitamin D deficiency (<50 nmol/L) was more common in the bronchiolitis group than in the controls: 73%vs. 51% (p=0.028). According to Multivariate Logistic Regression, Vitamin D deficiency was more likely in bronchiolitis patients; OR [95% CI] 3.139[1.369–7.195]. There was no link between serum vitamin D levels and the severity of bronchiolitis, as measured by the Modified Tal Score and length of hospital stay. Vitamin D levels were considerably lower in children with acute bronchiolitis than those with non-respiratory acute febrile diseases.

Reference:bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12887-021-02666-4

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