Obesity was a global health issue associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, frequently due to cardiovascular (CV) illnesses. Even though bariatric surgery was increasingly done on individuals with obesity and reduced CV risk factors, its effect on CV disease remained unknown. Researchers did a systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guideline to examine the effect of bariatric surgery on CV outcomes. Up until August 2021, PubMed and Embase were searched for articles comparing bariatric surgery patients to non-surgical controls. All-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality, atrial fibrillation (AF), heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke were outcomes of interest. Investigators included 39 research, all prospective or retrospective cohort studies, but no available randomized outcome trials were available. Bariatric surgery was linked with a favourable effect on all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) of 0.55; 95% CI 0.49–0.62, P<0.001 vs controls] and CV mortality (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.47–0.73, P<0.001 vs controls). In addition, bariatric surgery was associated with a decreased incidence of heart failure (HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.38–0.66, P<0.001), myocardial infarction (HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.43–0.76, P<0.001), and stroke (HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.53–0.77, P<0.001), whereas its association with atrial fibrillation was not statistically significant (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.64–1.06, P=0.12). The current systematic review and meta-analysis suggested that bariatric surgery was related to decreased all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality and decreased incidence of numerous CV illnesses in obese individuals. Therefore, bariatric surgery should be considered for these patients.
Source:academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/43/20/1955/6542137
