Identifying immunological markers in nasal secretions and tears is becoming increasingly important in the research of allergic disorders. The technique for collecting nasal and ocular secretions has a direct impact on the outcomes, thus it is critical to evaluate and standardize the sample process. Current nasal secretions sample procedures are primarily based on three principles: spontaneous secretion collection, nasal washings, and absorption. The collection of spontaneous secretions is suitable in people with nasal hypersecretion, but the collected volume is usually inadequate in healthy individuals. Nasal washings are linked with unpredictability and excessive dilution, and marker concentrations frequently fall below immunological test detection limits. Absorption appears to be the optimum balance between adequate sample quantities and inflammatory mediator and immunoglobulin E detectability. Glass capillaries, filter paper strips, and ophthalmic sponges can be used to collect tear samples. However, due to reflex ripping, volumes are tiny or severely diluted.
Secretions indicate local inflammatory activity and give important information about the target organ’s immune response to allergens. There is mounting evidence that their analysis might have a clinical role in the diagnosis and monitoring of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Appropriate collection and processing is critical and needs specific consideration.
