The following is a summary of “Increased proportion of CD226 + CD14 + monocytes correlates with clinical features and laboratory parameters in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome,” published in the October 2023 issue of Rheumatology by Zhao et al.

CD226, a co-stimulatory receptor widely expressed on immune cells, is involved in developing many autoimmune diseases. Researchers started a retrospective study to investigate the proportion of CD226 on CD14+ monocytes in primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) and its clinical significance.

They measured the CD226 proportion on the surface of CD14 + monocytes via flow cytometry in 45 pSS patients and 25 healthy controls (HC). Examining the correlations between the CD226 + CD14 + monocytes proportion and pSS clinical features and laboratory parameters. Changes in the proportion of CD226 + CD14 + monocytes before and after treatment were assessed, and the clinical significance of pSS was evaluated.

The results showed a significant increase in the proportion of CD226 on CD14 + monocytes in pSS patients compared to HC (P<.01). This proportion was positively correlated with disease activity and severity in pSS patients. In patients with decayed teeth, fatigue, interstitial lung disease (ILD), low white blood cell count (WBC), high IgG, and positivity for anti-Ro60 and anti-SSB, the proportion of CD226 + CD14 + monocytes was higher compared to negative patients (P<.05). Additionally, active patients had a significantly higher proportion of CD226 + CD14 + monocytes than nonactive patients (P<.01). Furthermore, the proportion of CD226 + CD14 + monocytes decreased in seven pSS patients after treatment (P<.01).

Investigators concluded CD226+CD14+ monocytes may be a potential target and biomarker for primary Sjögren’s syndrome.

Source: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1756-185X.14936