The recommended doxorubicin (DOX) dose for small dogs is 1 mg/kg. Recent data suggest that DOX-induced gastrointestinal (GI) toxicosis can be reduced with maropitant treatment.
To investigate the incidence of adverse events (AEs) in small-breed dogs administered a single 25 mg/m DOX followed by administration of maropitant (DOX25). The primary aim was to assess myelo- and GI toxicoses for 2 weeks after DOX administration. The secondary aim was to compare the incidence and grades of AEs found in the DOX25 group with a historical control group (DOX 1 mg/kg without administration of antiemetic or antidiarrheal medications).
Nineteen small-breed tumor-bearing dogs.
A prospective, observational study of tumor-bearing dogs, weighing 5 to 10 kg, administered a single 25 mg/m dose of DOX IV, followed by administration of maropitant for the next 5 days.
Inappetence, vomiting, and diarrhea were found in 7/19, 2/19, and 6/19 of the DOX25 dogs, respectively. Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia was 12/19 and 3/19, respectively. Most AEs were grades 1 and 2, except for grades 3 and 4 inappetence and neutropenia in 3 and 4 dogs, respectively. Furthermore, febrile neutropenia occurred in 3/19 dogs in the DOX25 group. All AEs between the DOX25 and historical control groups were not significantly different.
Vomiting and diarrhea were deemed acceptable with 25 mg/m DOX followed by maropitant treatment in 5 to 10 kg dogs; however, additional supportive care might be needed for dogs with inappetence and neutropenia.
© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
About The Expert
Fukiko Matsuyama
Kei Harada
Eri Fukazawa
Masanao Ichimata
Yuko Nakano
Tetsuya Kobayashi
References
PubMed