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The following is a summary of “Face of Emotion: Botulinum Toxin, Emotional Anatomy, and Mood Modulation,” published in the May 2025 issue of Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology by Vanaria et al. 

Facial expressions were recognized as key in emotional communication, with the facial feedback hypothesis proposing that facial muscle activity influenced emotional experiences, while botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) emerged as a potential mood modulator through its effects on facial muscles and feedback mechanisms.   

Researchers conducted a retrospective study to examine the relationship between facial anatomy, emotional expression, and the mood-enhancing effects of BoNT-A beyond aesthetic benefits.  

They performed a literature review using PubMed with search terms “botulinum toxin” AND “emotion.” Articles in English from 2000 to the present focusing on BoNT-A’s impact on mood and facial feedback were included. Additional studies were identified through citation tracking, and the authors’ clinical experience further informed the review.  

The results showed that 46 articles were included based on their relevance to BoNT-A and emotional states and BoNT-A induced muscle relaxation disrupted feedback loops by stopping specific muscle contractions, potentially improving positive emotions and wellbeing. Studies revealed that injections in the glabella region modulate amygdala activity, lower depression and anxiety symptoms, and enhance emotional resilience. Additionally, modulation of facial expressions by BoNT-A improved social interactions, increased positive emotional contagion and fostered a more positive self-perception.  

Investigators concluded that BoNT-A showed promise as a novel method for mood regulation by altering facial feedback, suggesting both aesthetic and therapeutic benefits in dermatology and mental health. 

Source: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jocd.70264