Survivors of common lymphoid neoplasms (LNs) have increased risks for therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia (tMDS/AML), although risks have been lower in more recent years, according to a study published in the July issue of eClinicalMedicine.
Lindsay M. Morton, Ph.D., from the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Maryland, and colleagues identified 1,496 tMDS/AML cases among 186,503 adults who were treated with initial chemotherapy/immunotherapy for first primary LN and survived one year or longer.
The researchers found that the highest risks for tMDS/AML occurred after precursor leukemia/lymphoma (standardized incidence ratio [SIR], 39; excess absolute risks [EAR], 30 per 10,000 person-years), Burkitt leukemia/lymphoma (SIR, 20; EAR, 24), peripheral T-cell lymphoma (SIR, 12; EAR, 23), chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SIR, 9.0; EAR, 27), and mantle cell lymphoma (SIR, 8.5; EAR, 25). After all other LN subtypes except hairy cell leukemia and mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome, elevated risks were also observed (SIRs, 4.2 to 6.9; EARs, 4.9 to 15). For patients treated more recently, tMDS/AML risks were significantly higher after chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SIR2000-2005, 4.8; SIR2012-2017, 10), significantly lower after Hodgkin (SIR2000-2005, 15; SIR2012-2017, 6.3).
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