Allergic contact dermatitis is a kind of skin illness caused by an immune system response to low-molecular-weight organic compounds or metal ions. This review highlights recent studies that provide insight into the intricate choreography of the cellular and molecular immune response to contact allergens. The functions of natural killer T cells, natural killer cells, mast cells, and neutrophils have been characterized, and signaling pathways activated by contact allergens have been elucidated. Global technologies are revealing gene signatures for allergy detection and better diagnostics.
Recent advances in contact allergy research have increased our understanding of the molecular and cellular pathomechanisms, paving the way for improved diagnoses and therapies, as well as preventive and risk assessment techniques.
