Endometrial cancer (EC) has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including atrial fibrillation (AF). We performed a prospective, case-controlled analysis among 310 Bulgarian women with new-onset, histologically confirmed EC, free of AF at the baseline survey, and women with normal (senile) endometrium/endometrial hyperplasia as a control group ( = 205). The risk of AF as well as relationship of adiponectin (APN) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels with AF in women with EC were calculated by Cox proportional hazards models. During the mean follow-up of 2.5 ± 0.5 years, new-onset AF had occurred in 11.7% of women with EC vs. 5.8% in the control group ( 30 kg/m) and younger (age < 60) were found to be more likely to develop AF (HR 1.95; 95% CI 1.18-3.32; = 0.05). APN levels were not significantly associated with new-onset AF (95% CI 0.87-1.21; = 0.063). However, the secondary analysis showed evidence of APN-AF association when adjusted for BMI (2.05; 95% CI 1.04-4.04; = 0.037). We conclude that EC was significantly associated with the incidence of AF.

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