Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-associated condition with complex disease mechanisms and a risk factor for various long-term health outcomes for the mother and infant.
To summarize evidence on the association of PE with long-term health outcomes arising in women and/or infants.
PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and ISI Web of Science were searched from inception to July 2020.
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses examining associations between PE and long-term health outcomes in women and their infants.
Data were extracted by two independent reviewers. We re-estimated the summary effect size by random-effects and fixed-effects models, the 95% confidence interval, the 95% prediction interval, the between-study heterogeneity, any evidence of small-study effects and excess significance bias.
Twenty-one articles included (90 associations). Seventy-nine associations had nominally statistically significant findings (P<0.05). Sixty-five associations had large or very large heterogeneity. Evidence for small-study effects and excess-significance bias was found in 7 and 2 associations, respectively. Nine associations: Cerebrovascular disease (cohort studies), Cerebrovascular disease (overall), Cardiac disease (cohort studies), dyslipidaemia (all studies), Risk of death (late-onset PE), Fatal and non-fatal ischaemic heart disease, Cardiovascular mortality (cohort studies), Any diabetes or use of diabetic medication (unadjusted), Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (adjusted) were supported with robust evidence.
Many of meta-analyses in this research field have caveats casting doubts on their validity. Current evidence suggests an increased risk for women to develop cardiovascular-related diseases, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia after PE, while offspring exposed to PE are at higher risk for ADHD.

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