We intended to review all material published to date regarding SAgs and allergy from an otorhinolaryngological viewpoint to understand this association more clearly. We identified all materials published, mentioning both SAg and AR, chronic sinusitis, asthma, and AD indexed on PubMed, Google, or the ProQuest Central databases.
Staphylococcus aureus is a significant bacterial pathogen in humans and can produce enterotoxins with superantigenic features. The inflammatory response in allergy seen in both B cell and T cell may be attributed to SAgs. If SAgs bring about chronic inflammatory reactions in the nose and sinuses, then T cells excreting interferon-gamma may be a crucial mediator. In allergic dermatitis, S. aureus could be a key player in the worsening of the condition. Even in younger pediatric patients with allergic dermatitis, allergic hypersensitivity to SAgs is frequent and may be a factor explaining how severe the situation becomes.
The study concluded that just as SAgs are known to feature in many allergic conditions, they play their part in AR, chronic rhinosinusitis, asthma, and AD. Further research is required before the relationship between SAgs and allergy can be adequately explained.
Reference: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1945892418801083
