The fatty acid (FA) composition of human milk (HM) from N = 9 Italian healthy donors following a free diet exhibited FA-dependent ranges of variability, as assessed by GC-FID. The possible short-term changes in the FA profile were monitored in the milk of lactating mothers (three) collected at five time points over a 6 h period, following an oral load (200 mL) of bovine milk. An array of techniques was exploited, including UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS of intact lipids and MALDI-TOF MS before and after chemical hydrogenation or bromination, in addition to MALDI-TOF MS analysis of FA after saponification, to monitor short-chain and odd-chain FA in HM as markers of bovine milk fat. A single administration of bovine milk did not appreciably modify the lipid pattern, suggesting that the maternal diet could induce not detectable short-term changes on the lipid composition of HM. Diet-induced increase of butyric acid was also excluded by C NMR. The functions that HM FA exert in infant physiology appear finely regulated through maternal metabolism.Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Adele Cutignano
Francesco Siano
Raffaele Romano
Alessandra Aiello
Fabiana Pizzolongo
Roberto Berni Canani
Lorella Paparo
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Carmen Di Scala
Francesco Addeo
Gianluca Picariello
References
PubMed