The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening adults aged 35-70 with overweight or obesity for prediabetes and T2D and offering preventive interventions. These recommendations form the basis of a final recommendation statement published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. The authors reviewed the evidence on screening for prediabetes and diabetes using data from 89 publications with 68,882 participants. They observed no significant difference between screening and control groups for all-cause or cause specific mortality at 10 years in two randomized clinical trials with 25,120 participants. Interventions improved health outcomes for individuals with recently diagnosed diabetes. For obese and overweight persons with prediabetes, lifestyle interventions were associated with reductions in diabetes incidence. Based on these findings, the USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for prediabetes and T2D and offering or referring patients to effective preventive interventions has a moderate net benefit. Screening for prediabetes and T2D is recommended in adults aged 35 to 70 who have overweight or obesity; patients with prediabetes should be offered or referred to preventive interventions.
Rates of Gestational Diabetes Increase Across Race, Ethnicity
From 2011-2019, the rates of gestational diabetes increased across all racial and ethnic subgroups and across all ages, according to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Researchers used data from the National Center for Health Statistics for more than 12 million individuals aged 15-44 with singleton first live births from 2011-2019 in the US to examine whether the rates of gestational diabetes have changed. They found that from 2011-2019, the overall age-standardized gestational diabetes rate increased significantly from 47.6 to 63.5 per 1,000 live births, a mean annual change of 3.7%. Of those with gestational diabetes in 2019, 21%, 8%, 14%, and 56% were Hispanic/Latina, non-Hispanic Asian/ Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic Black, and non Hispanic White, respectively (rate ratios, 1.15, 1.78, 0.97, compared with referent group of non-Hispanic Whites). The highest gestational diabetes rates were seen in Asian/Indian participants (rate ratio, 2.24). Puerto Rican individuals had the highest rates of gestational diabetes among Hispanic/Latina participants (rate ratio, 1.31). Gestational diabetes rates increased among all race and ethnicity subgroups and across all ages.
