The study’s goal was to compare the rates of nutrient consumption in children and adolescents with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) to a control group that did not have the condition. Patients were assigned to GERD or control groups based on symptom rating and oesophagal pH-impedance measurements. Esophagogastroscopy was performed on all individuals. The levels of nutrients consumed were evaluated using a food frequency questionnaire in relation to the existence of the illness, esophagitis, and z score body mass index (BMI). For the final study, data from 219 children and adolescents were available. Obesity and excess weight were associated with a greater risk of GERD. When rations were evaluated based on z score BMI, the energy values of the rations and the amount of fat consumed were greater in the GERD group than in the control group. Patients with erosive esophagitis ingested more protein: 14.3 per cent vs 8.5 per cent, total fat 36.8 per cent versus 16.9 per cent, and fewer polyunsaturated fats 54.3 per cent versus 45.6 per cent, than those with non-erosive GERD.
In terms of z score BMI, the rations of children with GERD are distinguished by higher calorie values and greater levels of fat consumption as compared to the control group. Low dietary fibre consumption is another risk factor for GERD in children who are overweight or obese. Patients with GERD with erosive esophagitis had greater calorie, protein, and total fat consumption and lower polyunsaturated fat intake as compared to those with non-erosive GERD.
