Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Pathology for December 2018. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.
Three Novel Loci Associated With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ID’d
MONDAY, Dec. 31, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Three novel loci have been identified for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), according to research published online Dec. 19 in PLOS Genetics.
Long-Term Reduction in CRC Risk After Negative Colonoscopy
MONDAY, Dec. 31, 2018 (HealthDay News) — For average-risk patients, a negative colonoscopy result is associated with a long-term reduction in the risk for colorectal cancer and related deaths, according to a study published online Dec. 17 in JAMA Internal Medicine.
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Risk for Breast Cancer Increased With False-Positive Screening Result
FRIDAY, Dec. 28, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Women with prior false-positive screening results have an increased risk for screen-detected and interval breast cancer for more than 10 years, according to a study published online Dec. 18 in the British Journal of Cancer.
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Elevated Risk for Lung CA in Lung Transplant Recipients Explored
THURSDAY, Dec. 27, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Recipients of a lung transplant, especially a single lung transplant, have an elevated risk for lung cancer, particularly in the native lung, according to a study published online Dec. 18 in the American Journal of Transplantation.
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Low Vitamin D Tied to Risk for Renal Hyperfiltration in Healthy Adults
THURSDAY, Dec. 27, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Severe vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk for renal hyperfiltration (RHF) in relatively healthy adults, according to a study published in the December issue of The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
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Pediatric Asthma Risk Score Has Good Sensitivity, Specificity
THURSDAY, Dec. 27, 2018 (HealthDay News) — A new quantitative personalized tool can better predict asthma development in young children than the Asthma Predictive Index (API), according to a study published online Dec. 13 in The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.
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Initiative Can Cut Gender Gap in Medical School Faculty Salaries
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 26, 2018 (HealthDay News) — An institutional gender equity initiative (GEI) can reduce gender-based salary gaps among medical school faculty, according to a study published online Dec. 21 in JAMA Network Open.
Exome Sequencing Provides Genetic Diagnosis for Some With CKD
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 26, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Genes are responsible for approximately one in 10 cases of chronic kidney disease in adults, according to a study published online Dec. 26 in the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Risk of Arterial Thromboembolic Events Up Prior to Cancer Diagnosis
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 26, 2018 (HealthDay News) — In older adults, the risk of arterial thromboembolic events begins to increase 150 days before the date of cancer diagnosis and peaks 30 days before, according to a study published online Dec. 21 in Blood.
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Fecal Occult Blood Test May Improve CRC Outcomes in Some
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 26, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Fecal occult blood test (FOBT) screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with several improved outcomes in men but not women, according to a study recently published in the British Journal of Surgery.
HPV Ups Cervical Cancer Risk, Even With No Cellular Signs
MONDAY, Dec. 24, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The presence of certain high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types predicts future risk for high-grade cervical cancer even among women with no cellular indications of cancer at baseline, according to a study published online Dec. 10 in Cancer.
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FDA Warns Companies on Unsafe, Unapproved Stem Cell Treatments
FRIDAY, Dec. 21, 2018 (HealthDay News) — After infections tied to unapproved stem cell treatments sent 12 people to the hospital this past year, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has issued a stern warning about the products.
Endurance Exercise Tied to Anti-Aging at Cellular Level
FRIDAY, Dec. 21, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Endurance exercise has anti-aging effects visible at the cellular level, according to a study published online Nov. 28 in the European Heart Journal.
Affordable Care Act Sign-Ups Higher Than Expected
THURSDAY, Dec. 20, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Despite numerous difficulties, early figures show that sign-ups for health coverage next year under the Affordable Care Act are higher than expected.
Restrictive, Obstructive Lung Disease Linked to Dementia Risk
THURSDAY, Dec. 20, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Both restrictive and obstructive lung disease are associated with an increased risk for incident dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), according to a study recently published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.
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Modifying Criteria for Amnestic MCI Dx Increases Prognostic Accuracy
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 19, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Modifying diagnostic criteria to require impairment on at least two memory tests for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) diagnosis can improve prediction of medial temporal atrophy and conversion to Alzheimer’s disease (AD), according to a study published online Dec. 4 in Brain Imaging and Behavior.
Food Allergy Linked to Increased Multiple Sclerosis Activity
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 19, 2018 (HealthDay News) — For patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), food allergy is associated with a greater number of attacks and with a higher likelihood of gadolinium-enhancing lesions, according to a study published online Dec. 18 in the Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry.
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Exclusion of Doctors From Public Health Insurance Up 2007 to 2017
TUESDAY, Dec. 18, 2018 (HealthDay News) — From 2007 to 2017, the number of physicians excluded from Medicare and state public insurance programs increased, according to a study published online Dec. 14 in JAMA Network Open.
Type 2 Diabetes Risk Lower in Women With Active Migraine
MONDAY, Dec. 17, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Women with active migraine have a lower risk for type 2 diabetes, according to a study published online Dec. 17 in JAMA Neurology.
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Post-Inflammatory Polyps Not Linked to Colorectal Neoplasia
FRIDAY, Dec. 14, 2018 (HealthDay News) — For patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), post-inflammatory polyps (PIPs) are associated with greater severity and extent of colon inflammation and higher rates of colectomy, but not with development of colorectal neoplasia (CRN), according to a study published online Dec. 7 in Gastroenterology.
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Certain Sites of Brain Lesions in MS Tied to Bowel Incontinence
FRIDAY, Dec. 14, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Specific locations of cerebral multiple sclerosis lesions appear to be associated with bowel incontinence, according to a study published online Dec. 11 in the Journal of Neuroimaging.
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Persistent Discrimination ID’d Among Physician Mothers
FRIDAY, Dec. 14, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Physician mothers experience discrimination in a range of ways, which can impact the medical profession, according to a study published online Dec. 12 in The BMJ.
Subfertility Linked to Increased Asthma Risk in Offspring
FRIDAY, Dec. 14, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Parental subfertility is associated with an increased asthma risk among offspring, according to a study published online Dec. 4 in Thorax.
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Medication Errors Resulting in Death Most Common in Elderly
THURSDAY, Dec. 13, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Medication errors in acute care that result in death occur most often in patients older than 75 years, with the most common error category being omitted medicine or ingredient, according to a study published online Nov. 22 in Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy.
Novel Breast Imaging Technique Might Cut Unnecessary Biopsies
THURSDAY, Dec. 13, 2018 (HealthDay News) — A novel technique, quantitative three-compartment breast (3CB) image analysis of dual-energy mammography combined with mammography radiomics, could reduce unnecessary breast biopsies, according to a study published online Dec. 11 in Radiology.
Enrollment Under the Affordable Care Act Down From Last Year
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 12, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Enrollment for health insurance under the Affordable Care Act is down with just days left to sign up, according to the U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.
2017 Saw Slowing in National Health Care Spending
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 12, 2018 (HealthDay News) — National health care spending slowed in 2017, according to a report published online Dec. 6 in Health Affairs.
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Fasting-Evoked Hypoglycemia in Diabetes Is Prevalent
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 12, 2018 (HealthDay News) — About 17 percent of patients with diabetes report experiencing hypoglycemia when fasting for lab tests, according to a study recently published in the International Journal of Endocrinology.
Paid Childbearing Policies Lacking for Residents
TUESDAY, Dec. 11, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Policies for paid childbearing or family leave for residents are lacking at top-ranking medical schools and may be exacerbated by lack of direction from specialty boards, according to two research letters published in the Dec. 11 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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U.S. Medical Schools See Increase in Diversity
TUESDAY, Dec. 11, 2018 (HealthDay News) — After implementation of the Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME) diversity accreditation standards, U.S. medical schools saw increasing percentages of female, black, and Hispanic matriculants, according to a research letter published in the Dec. 4 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Mail-Based HPV Testing May Increase Access
TUESDAY, Dec. 11, 2018 (HealthDay News) — A mail-based human papillomavirus (HPV) self-testing program appears to be a promising approach to screening women in Appalachia, according to a pilot study published online Nov. 19 in Sexually Transmitted Diseases.
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HIT-Related Stress Linked to Burnout Among Physicians
MONDAY, Dec. 10, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Stress related to use of health information technology (HIT) is common and predictive of burnout among physicians, according to a study published online Dec. 5 in the Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association.
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Breast Screening Linked to Lower Risk for Breast Cancer Death
FRIDAY, Dec. 7, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Women who have participated in mammography screening have a lower risk for dying from breast cancer within 10 and 20 years after diagnosis, according to a study recently published in Cancer.
Colonoscopy Receipt Varies After Advanced Adenoma Diagnosis
THURSDAY, Dec. 6, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Many patients with three or more adenomas or any adenoma with villous/tubulovillous features do not receive a subsequent colonoscopy within 3.5 years, according to a study published online Nov. 20 in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.
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Smartphone App Uses Fingernail Bed Images to Detect Anemia
THURSDAY, Dec. 6, 2018 (HealthDay News) — An app that detects color and metadata from fingernails can identify hemoglobin levels in the blood, according to research published online Dec. 4 in Nature Communications.
Many Americans Unaware of Promise of Personalized Medicine
THURSDAY, Dec. 6, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Medical science has made tremendous advances in personalized medicine. However, the American public is still struggling to understand the implications of these targeted treatments, a new HealthDay/Harris Poll has revealed.
High Sensitivity, Specificity for Chlamydia Point-of-Care Test
THURSDAY, Dec. 6, 2018 (HealthDay News) — A point-of-care (POC) polymerase chain reaction test (Atlas io) has high sensitivity and specificity for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), according to a study published in the November issue of Sexually Transmitted Diseases.
Few Physicians Work in Practices That Use Telemedicine
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 5, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Only 15.4 percent of physicians work in practices that use telemedicine for a wide spectrum of patient interactions, with larger practice size being an important correlate of telemedicine use, according to a study published in the December issue of Health Affairs.
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Skin Autofluorescence Predicts T2DM, Heart Disease, Mortality
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 5, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Skin autofluorescence predicts incident type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and mortality in the general population, according to a study published online Nov. 21 in Diabetologia.
HHS Issues Draft Strategy for Reducing Health IT Burden
TUESDAY, Dec. 4, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has developed a draft strategy to reduce the health information technology (IT) burden, and the strategy is open for public comment through Jan. 28, 2019.
Marathon Runners Show Markers of Cardiac Strain
TUESDAY, Dec. 4, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Running a marathon can increase cardiac strain in amateur runners, according to a research letter published online Dec. 3 in Circulation.
Exposure to Phthalates May Impact Timing of Puberty in Girls
TUESDAY, Dec. 4, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Exposure to certain endocrine-disrupting chemicals may impact the timing of puberty in children, according to a study published online Dec. 4 in Human Reproduction.
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Noninvasive Diagnostic Imaging Accurately IDs Bladder Cancer
TUESDAY, Dec. 4, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Noninvasive diagnostic imaging using machine-learning analysis of nanoresolution images of cell surfaces can detect bladder cancer with high diagnostic accuracy, according to research published online Dec. 3 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
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Urate Elevation in Potential Tx for Parkinson’s Not Tied to HTN
TUESDAY, Dec. 4, 2018 (HealthDay News) — There is no correlation between urate and blood pressure (BP) in mice or among patients with early Parkinson’s disease (PD), according to a study published in the November issue of EBioMedicine.
At-Home Self-Collected Samples Valid for Detecting High-Risk HPV
TUESDAY, Dec. 4, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Mail-based, at-home self-collection of cervicovaginal samples is valid for detecting high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) among infrequently screened women, according to a study published online Nov. 5 in Obstetrics & Gynecology.
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Rare Variants Associated With Interval Breast Cancers
MONDAY, Dec. 3, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Though common breast cancer variants indicate increased breast cancer risk, certain rare variants are associated with an increased risk for interval breast cancers and death, according to a study published in the Nov. 1 issue of Cancer Research.
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