This study states that Between 1996 and 2018, 1119 newly and previously diagnosed, therapy-naive persons with HIV (PWH) from San Diego were followed. A genetic distance-based network was inferred using pol sequences, and genetic clusters grew over time through linkage of sequences from newly observed infections. Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify factors associated with the rate of growth. These results were used to predict the impact of a hypothetical intervention targeting PWH with incident infection. The comparison was made to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) molecular surveillance strategy, which prioritizes clusters recently linked to all new HIV diagnoses and does not incorporate data on incident infections.

Overall, 219 genetic linkages to incident infections were identified over a median follow-up of 8.8 years. Incident cluster growth was strongly associated with the proportion of PWH in the cluster who themselves had an incident infection (hazard ratio, 44.09 [95% confidence interval, 17.09–113.78]). The CDC EHE molecular surveillance strategy identified 11 linkages to incident infections a genetic distance threshold of 0.5%, and 24 linkages at 1.5%.

Reference link- https://academic.oup.com/cid/article-abstract/73/5/842/6137277

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