The purpose of this study was to look into changes in the rates of acute otitis media (AOM), recurrent AOM (rAOM), and tympanostomy tube (TT) insertion in children after the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) into Turkey’s national immunization program (NIP). National coverage for the PCV7 was 97 percent in 2009, 93 percent in 2010, and 96 percent in 2011, whereas national coverage for the PVC13 was 97 percent in 2012, 97 percent in 2013, 96 percent in 2014, 97 percent in 2015, 98 percent in 2016, and 96 percent in 2017. A total of 499932 pediatric visits were recorded, and 23005 children were diagnosed with AOM. AOM incidence in children aged 5 years dropped from 10700/100000 to 4712/100000, with a significant decreasing trend. When the mean annual occurrences of AOM for children 5 years old were compared between the PCV13 transition period and the post-PCV13 era, the incidence of AOM was found to be reduced by 54%. For children aged 5 years, the mean incidence of TT insertion was shown to be reduced by 65% between the PCV13 transition period and a post-PCV13 era. On the other hand, the incidence of rAOM was shown to be higher across all pediatric age groups.
Following the adoption of PCV13 in the NIP in Turkey, the study found a substantial decrease in the occurrences of AOM and TT insertion in children aged 5 years.
Reference: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/21645515.2019.1656021
