Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Pathology for July 2019. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.
Trial Tests CRISPR Gene-Editing to Treat Sickle Cell Disease
WEDNESDAY, July 31, 2019 (HealthDay News) — A U.S. clinical trial of CRISPR gene-editing to treat people with sickle cell disease is underway.
CNN Article
More Information: CDC
Burnout Symptoms May Up Racial Bias Among Resident Physicians
WEDNESDAY, July 31, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Symptoms of burnout seem to be associated with greater explicit and implicit racial bias among resident physicians, according to a study published online July 26 in JAMA Network Open.
National Norms Developed for Assessing Medical School Empathy
TUESDAY, July 30, 2019 (HealthDay News) — National norms have been developed for assessing empathy among men and women at different levels of medical school education, according to a study published in the August issue of the Journal of the American Osteopathic Association.
Previous Silent MI Often Found at Autopsy in Sudden Cardiac Death
MONDAY, July 29, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Autopsies show that more than 40 percent of individuals who experience sudden cardiac death (SCD) associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) have had a previously undetected myocardial infarction, according to a study published online July 10 in JAMA Cardiology.
Abstract/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)
Editorial (subscription or payment may be required)
AI Model Can Predict Long-Term Mortality From Chest Radiographs
MONDAY, July 29, 2019 (HealthDay News) — A convolutional neural network (CNN) can predict long-term mortality from chest radiographs (CXRs), according to a study published online July 19 in JAMA Network Open.
First U.S. Trial Using CRISPR Within the Body Set to Begin
THURSDAY, July 25, 2019 (HealthDay News) — In a U.S. first, a clinical trial to begin this fall will use the inside-the-body gene-editing technique CRISPR to try to cure illness. Doctors hope to use the cutting-edge technique to cure the inherited form of blindness known as Leber congenital amaurosis.
Adiposity in Early Old Age Tied to MRI Signs of Brain Aging Later
WEDNESDAY, July 24, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Adiposity in early old age is associated with reduced gray matter later in life, according to a study published online July 24 in Neurology.
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CDC: Mortality Rates Continue to Decrease for Hispanic Adults
WEDNESDAY, July 24, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Age-adjusted death rates decreased for Hispanic adults from 2000 through 2017, while for non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black adults, the rates have remained stable since 2011-2012, according to a July data brief published by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics.
Cuts in Fine Particulate Matter Pollution Have Spared U.S. Lives
WEDNESDAY, July 24, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Recent reductions in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) have resulted in lower mortality in most counties in the United States, according to a study published online July 23 in PLOS Medicine.
USPSTF Reaffirms Benefit of Hep B Screening in Pregnant Women
TUESDAY, July 23, 2019 (HealthDay News) — The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening pregnant women for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection at their first prenatal visit (A recommendation). This recommendation forms the basis of an updated final recommendation statement published in the July 23/30 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
Recommendation Statement
Evidence Report (subscription or payment may be required)
Editorial
MGUS Can Progress to Multiple Myeloma Within Five Years
TUESDAY, July 23, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Individuals with low- or intermediate-risk monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) can experience progression to multiple myeloma within five years, according to a study published online July 18 in JAMA Oncology.
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Editorial (subscription or payment may be required)
Smoking Has Long-Term Impact on Peripheral Artery Disease Risk
MONDAY, July 22, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Both duration and intensity of smoking have a long-term impact on the risk for three major atherosclerotic diseases: peripheral artery disease (PAD), coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke, according to a study published in the July 30 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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Editorial (subscription or payment may be required)
Rates of Anal Cancer Precursors High in Women Living With HIV
MONDAY, July 22, 2019 (HealthDay News) — The prevalence of anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs), which precede anal cancer, is high among women living with HIV (WLHIV) in the United States, according to a study published online July 11 in Clinical Infectious Diseases.
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EPA Will Not Ban Pesticide Linked to Brain Harm in Children
FRIDAY, July 19, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Even though the pesticide chlorpyrifos has been linked to brain harm in children, it will not be banned in the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency announced Thursday.
Current Antibiotic Stewardship Program Practices Characterized
FRIDAY, July 19, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Current infection prevention and antibiotic stewardship program practices continue to include a main focus on surveillance for multidrug-resistant organisms, according to a report published online July 17 in Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.
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About One in 20 Patients Exposed to Preventable Harm
THURSDAY, July 18, 2019 (HealthDay News) — The pooled prevalence of preventable patient harm is 6 percent across a range of medical settings globally, according to a review published online July 17 in The BMJ.
Novel Test Accurately Identifies Precancerous Pancreatic Cysts
THURSDAY, July 18, 2019 (HealthDay News) — A comprehensive test is more accurate than conventional clinical and imaging criteria for identifying precancerous pancreatic cysts, according to a study published online July 17 in Science Translational Medicine.
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Air Pollution Found to Accelerate Aging of the Lungs
THURSDAY, July 18, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Ambient air pollution is associated with lower lung function and increased chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) prevalence, according to a study published online July 8 in the European Respiratory Journal.
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Man’s Award in Roundup Cancer Case Slashed by Judge
WEDNESDAY, July 17, 2019 (HealthDay News) — A man who was awarded $80.27 million in a lawsuit alleging Monsanto’s Roundup weedkiller caused his cancer had that amount cut by $55 million by a judge.
WHO Declares Congo Ebola Outbreak Global Health Emergency
WEDNESDAY, July 17, 2019 (HealthDay News) — The World Health Organization on Wednesday called the year-old outbreak of Ebola in the Democratic Republic of Congo a global health emergency, The New York Times reported.
The New York Times Article
More Information: WHO
Prevalence of Malignancy High in Takotsubo Syndrome Patients
WEDNESDAY, July 17, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Overall, 16.6 percent of patients with takotsubo syndrome (TTS) have malignancy, and long-term mortality is higher in patients with malignancy, according to a study published online July 17 in the Journal of the American Heart Association.
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HIV-Infected Cells Persist in CSF in Individuals on Long-Term ART
TUESDAY, July 16, 2019 (HealthDay News) — About half of HIV-positive individuals on long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) have HIV-infected cells in their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), according to a study published online July 15 in the Journal of Clinical Investigation.
Congo Officials: First Ebola Case Confirmed in City of Goma
MONDAY, July 15, 2019 (HealthDay News) — The first case of Ebola in the city of Goma has been confirmed, Democratic Republic of Congo officials said Sunday.
Etanercept Tx for Autoimmune Disease May Up Risk for IBD
MONDAY, July 15, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Patients with autoimmune diseases have an increased risk for being diagnosed with Crohn disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) while under treatment with etanercept, according to a study published online July 2 in Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics.
Serious Misdiagnosis-Related Harms Mostly Due to ‘Big Three’
FRIDAY, July 12, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Vascular events, infections, and cancers account for about three-quarters of serious misdiagnosis-related harms, according to a study published online July 11 in Diagnosis.
Capping Work Hours in Residency Does Not Impact Outcomes Later
THURSDAY, July 11, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Exposure of U.S. physicians to work-hour reforms during residency training is not associated with post-training differences in patient mortality, readmissions, or costs of care, according to a study published online July 11 in The BMJ.
Health Care Professionals Exhibit Gender Bias
THURSDAY, July 11, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Survey results show that health care professionals have implicit and explicit gender bias, according to a study published online July 5 in JAMA Network Open.
Lab Tests Show Experimental Ebola Treatments Effective
WEDNESDAY, July 10, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Two experimental Ebola treatments being used in the current outbreak in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo have proved effective in laboratory tests with human cells, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The study was published online July 9 in the The Lancet Infectious Diseases.
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Editorial (subscription or payment may be required)
Press Release: CDC
Two Algorithms Can ID Patients at Risk for HIV, PrEP Candidates
WEDNESDAY, July 10, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Two new research papers, published online July 5 in The Lancet HIV, present algorithms that can help identify patients at risk for HIV and candidates for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP).
Abstract/Full Text – Marcus (subscription or payment may be required)
Abstract/Full Text – Krakower (subscription or payment may be required)
Editorial (subscription or payment may be required)
Guidance Updated for Managing Infants at Risk for Group B Strep
WEDNESDAY, July 10, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Guidelines for the management and treatment of group B streptococcal (GBS) disease in infants were published online July 8 in Pediatrics.
EHR System-Generated In-Basket Messages Linked to Burnout
TUESDAY, July 9, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Receipt of more than the average number of electronic health record (EHR) system-generated in-basket messages is associated with an increased probability of physician burnout, according to a study published in the July 1 issue of Health Affairs.
CDC Updates Data on Cases Meeting Criterion for Acute Flaccid Myelitis
TUESDAY, July 9, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Clinical and laboratory data have been updated for cases that met the clinical criterion for acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) in the United States during 2018, according to a Vital Signs report published in the July 9 early-release issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
Adults With Cerebral Palsy at Higher Risk for Osteoporosis
TUESDAY, July 9, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Cerebral palsy (CP) is associated with an increased risk for osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, according to a study published in the August issue of Bone.
IL-6 Level May Predict Symptom Duration in Concussed Athletes
WEDNESDAY, July 3, 2019 (HealthDay News) — For concussed athletes, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) are significantly elevated at six hours after concussion, and IL-6 levels are associated with symptom duration, according to a study published online July 3 in Neurology.
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Neurofilament Light Chain Levels Predict Stroke Risk in Diabetes
WEDNESDAY, July 3, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels can predict incident stroke among middle-aged and older adults with diabetes mellitus, according to a study published in the July issue of Stroke.
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Urine Biomarker Helps Classify Risk Level in Prostate Cancer
WEDNESDAY, July 3, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Urine-derived extracellular vesicle RNA can provide diagnostic information for aggressive prostate cancer prior to biopsy as well as prognostic information for men under active surveillance for prostate cancer, according to a study published online June 25 in BJU International.
Flesh-Eating Bacteria Claims Life of Florida Woman
TUESDAY, July 2, 2019 (HealthDay News) — A Florida woman died late last week from flesh-eating bacteria two weeks after cutting her leg while walking along the coast.
Disparities Identified in Access to Infertility Care for U.S. Women
TUESDAY, July 2, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Disparities exist in access to infertility care for women in the United States, according to a study published online June 28 in Fertility and Sterility.
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Considerable Number of Patients Receive Surprise Hospital Charges
TUESDAY, July 2, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Eighteen percent of all emergency department visits and 16 percent of in-network hospital stays have at least one out-of-network charge, according to a report published June 20 by the Kaiser Family Foundation.
Calculated Tumor Area Has Prognostic Value for Melanoma
MONDAY, July 1, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Stratification of melanoma into groups based on calculated tumor area improves prognostic value over stratification using the category based on Breslow thickness, according to a study published online June 26 in JAMA Dermatology.
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Editorial (subscription or payment may be required)
Model Can Predict Lung Cancer in Patient With Visible Nodule on CT
MONDAY, July 1, 2019 (HealthDay News) — For patients with visible lung nodules, a model combining clinical and radiologic factors can predict risk for incident lung cancer, according to a study published online June 27 in Cancer Prevention Research.
Abstract/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)
Romosozumab Increases Bone Formation, Cuts Bone Resorption
MONDAY, July 1, 2019 (HealthDay News) — For postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, romosozumab increases bone formation and decreases bone resorption, according to a study published online June 24 in the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research.
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