Based on symptoms, colonoscopy with polypectomy is commonly done in pediatric patients, with the majority of polyps detected being benign juvenile pedunculated polyps with a vascular stalk. In adults, polypectomy is frequently performed as part of a colon cancer screening and prevention approach, and a larger proportion of polyps are sessile or dysplastic. Polypectomy procedures for adults stress the importance of deeper resection to guarantee full removal of adenomas or possible cancer in situ. Adenomatous polyps can develop in children and are often connected with underlying polyposis, genetic or chronic inflammatory diseases. Cold biopsy forceps are used for extremely small polyps, cold snare polypectomy for small sessile polyps, and hot snare polypectomy for the majority of polyps in the pediatric age range. Adjuvant methods for preventing or treating post-polypectomy bleeding include epinephrine volume reduction, saline-assisted polypectomy, and hemostatic procedures such as injection, clip application, and loop application.
The parameters and type of current used during hot snare polypectomy are guided by electrosurgical principles. When compared to diagnostic colonoscopy, polypectomy with thermal methods is linked with a greater risk of complications.
