Mast cell disorders (MCDs) are characterized by aberrant accumulation and/or activation of mast cells in tissues and include mastocytosis and mast cell activation syndrome. Clinical indications and symptoms are diverse, making it difficult for doctors to discover appropriate therapy alternatives for specific patients. The goal of this paper is to conduct a literature review on the current treatment options in MCD patients. Pharmacotherapy is primarily used to counteract the effects of mast cells and their mediators. Due to a paucity of controlled clinical research, the present guidelines are solely based on expert judgments. Targeted treatments aimed at inhibiting mutant KIT variants and/or downstream signaling pathways are being investigated and may be considered in severely afflicted, therapy-refractory individuals.
There is presently no way for forecasting the best possible approach to symptom management in individual MCD patients. As a result, a gradual, individual-based approach to pharmacotherapy choices appears to be the most effective method and is suggested for all patients. Most patients’ primary therapeutic goal is to reduce symptoms produced by mast cell mediator release, whereas cytoreductive treatments are often reserved for patients with advanced/aggressive systemic mastocytosis.
