Target treatment is a critical step in the direction of customised medicine. The characterization of asthma phenotypes and underlying processes (endotypes) is a critical step in developing novel asthma therapies. Big data analysis, biomarker studies, and the availability of monoclonal antibodies targeting specific cytokines are causing knowledge to evolve at a rapid pace. Researchers attempted to summarise several of the most recent developments in the area in this study. Several attempts have been undertaken to identify asthma phenotypes, with varying degrees of success. More progress has been made in determining the pathogenetic process of certain asthma patterns, leading to the identification of biomarkers and the creation of successful ad hoc therapy.
We are in the midst of an amazing shift in how we think about and approach asthma. The discovery of endotypes is strongly connected to the identification of groups of individuals with distinct illness clinical patterns, prognosis, and responsiveness to therapy (Th2-low and Th2-high). This technique has enabled the creation of particular therapies (anti-IgE, anti-IL5, and anti-IL5R) that are already available and is leading to the development of additional ones.
