The following is a summary of “Global incidence and death estimates of chronic kidney disease due to hypertension from 1990 to 2019, an ecological analysis of the global burden of diseases 2019 study,” published in the November 2023 issue of Nephrology by Liu et al.
The complex interplay between hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) necessitates a global examination of hypertension-related CKD prevention.
They collected age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) and death rates (ASDR) from the GBD. Trend analysis encompassed Joinpoint regression of ASRs (1990 to 2019). Spatial autocorrelation analysis was executed to discern spatial patterns. The association between SDI and the burden of CKD due to hypertension was assessed through Pearson correlation analysis.
The results showed that in 2019, the global ASIR and ASDR due to hypertension-related chronic kidney disease were 19.45 (95% CI, 17.85 to 21.09) and 5.88 (95% CI, 4.95 to 6.82) per 100,000 population. This represented increases of 17.89% and 13.29% compared to 1990. In 2019, older people and males had the highest ASIR and ASDR, with high SDI regions showing the highest ASIRs and low SDI regions having the highest ASDRs. Joinpoint regression revealed increasing trends in both global ASIR and ASDR, with the highest increases observed in middle- and high-SDI regions. SDI displayed a positive association with ASIRs but showed an inverse V-shaped correlation with the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of ASIRs. Spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed significant positive spatial autocorrelation for the AAPC of ASDRs and ASIRs.
They concluded that hypertension-related CKD is a growing global problem. Strategies to address it should consider age, gender, and regional differences.
Source: bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12882-023-03391-z
