Numerous chronic medical conditions and complications can arise following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) that may have a negative impact on survival and quality of life.
The purpose of the present study was to review the comorbidities of a single-center cohort of allogeneic HCT recipients that survived twenty years post-allogeneic transplantation.
We retrospectively investigated 172 patients that underwent allogeneic HCT at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre between 1979 and 1998 and who survived at least 20 years post-HCT.
The most frequent individual comorbidities documented were dyslipidemia (29%), hypertension (31%), osteoporosis (15%), hypothyroidism (15%) and depression/anxiety (13%). Follow-up data following the 20-year mark was available for 135 patients, overall survival of that group at 5 and 10 years was 94% and 90% respectively. When grouped by the number of concurrent comorbidities, there was a significant difference in OS between the groups with 0-1, 2-3, and ≥4 comorbidities (p = 0.01).
Evidently, long-term allogeneic HCT recipients may develop a number of comorbidities that negatively influence survival even past the 20-year post-transplant mark. These findings warrant the continuous long-term medical follow-up of allogeneic transplant patients, regardless of age or time that has lapsed post-HCT.

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