TIVO-3: Tivozanib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) who have progressed after treatment with axitinib.
The TIVO-3 study enrolled subjects with mRCC who failed two or three prior systemic regimens, one of which included a VEGFR TKI, stratified by IMDC risk category and type of prior therapy (two TKIs; TKI plus checkpoint; TKI + other) then randomized in a 1:1 ratio to tivozanib or sorafenib. The primary objective of the overall trial was to compare progression free survival (PFS) by blinded independent radiological review. Patients with prior axitinib received as monotherapy in the second or third line setting and other predefined subgroups were reviewed for outcome with tivozanib.
Patients treated with tivozanib after prior axitinib had a PFS of 5.5 months and an overall response rate of 13% compared to 3.7 months and 8% for patients treated with sorafenib.
Tivozanib improved PFS versus sorafenib in patients who have progressed after multiple VEGFR-TKIs, including patients with prior second or third line axitinib treatment. These results suggest differential activity from tivozanib and axitinib despite both being potent and selective VEGF-R inhibitors.
