Trained immunity is a type of non-specific memory-like immune response induced by some pathogens and vaccines, such as BCG, which can confer antigen-independent protection against a wide var...
Tuberculosis is the leading cause of infectious disease-related death, surpassing even the immunodeficiency virus. Treatment loss to follow up and irregular medication use contribute to pers...
Spinal tuberculosis usually affects the thoracolumbar spine, with only 2-3% involving the lumbosacral region. Lumbosacral tuberculosis can lead to the formation of a presacral abscess. For d...
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common carcinoma to occur in childhood with a peak incidence between 11-17 years, and typically presents with advanced locoregional disease. Pul...
Tuberculous peritonitis (TBP) is uncommon in Japan, and its diagnosis with conventional methods is time taking and requires a high clinical index of suspicion. Laparoscopy with peritoneal bi...
Imipenem, an intravenous antibiotic is recommended for use in drug resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) when an effective regimen with combination of other second line drugs is not possible. Thoug...
During tuberculosis, lung myeloid cells have two opposing roles: they are an intracellular niche occupied by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and they restrict bacterial replication. Lung myeloid...
We investigated changes in the interferon-γ levels before and after treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) using QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) and QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tu...
People living with diabetes have an increased risk of developing active tuberculosis and are more likely to have poor tuberculosis-treatment outcomes, which may impact on control of tubercul...
The study focuses on whether antigenic proteins encapsulated in biopolymeric nanoparticles can augment protective efficacy. Chitosan nanoparticles (ChN) were prepared by ionic gelation metho...
The anti-tuberculosis vaccine Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is able to boost innate immune responses through a process called 'trained immunity'. It is hypothesized that BCG-induced traine...
Risk increases as more cigarettes are smoked According to the Office of Minority Health of the Health and Human Services Administration, African Americans are 50% more likely to have a stro...
Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly infectious disease that has been plaguing the human race for centuries. The emergence of multidrug resistant strains of TB has been detrimental to the fight aga...
Mononuclear phagocytes such as monocytes, tissue-specific macrophages and dendritic cells are primary actors in both innate and adaptive immunity. These professional phagocytes can be parasi...
No research was conducted on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of Infectious Disease Units (IDU) managed homeless patients (HP).We conducted retrospectively a survey among 98 HP and ...
Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical for both innate and adaptive immunity. Meanwhile, nitric oxide (NO) is a member of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) generally considered to play a key role ...
Unsuccessful tuberculosis treatment outcomes—including death, treatment failure, losses to follow-up, and recurrence—not only contribute to individual morbidity and mortality, but also i...
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype is a clinically and epidemiologically important lineage further subdivided into ancient/ancestral and modern strains. In our previous study in...
Autophagy has been identified as an important immune regulatory mechanism. Recent studies have linked macrophage autophagy with innate immune responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M....
Guidelines recommend routine testing for latent TB infection (LTBI) in people living with HIV. However there are few cost-effectiveness studies to justify this in contemporary high resource,...
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